Latinos and blacks in five Texas metro areas, including San Antonio, were more likely to be denied a conventional mortgage loan when compared to non-Hispanic whites, according to a new analysis.
The review of millions of federal records by Reveal from The Center for Investigative Reporting found that redlining -- the practice of charging more or denying services such as loans and housing based only on reasons related to such things as race, national origin and religion -- has persisted in 61 metro areas around the U.S.
In Texas, the review of data from 2015 and 2016 found this modern-day redlining in Corpus Christi, the Killeen-Temple area, Longview, the San Antonio-New Braunfels area and Waco.
In the San Antonio-New Braunfels area, Latinos were 1.5 times as likely to be denied in 2016 compared to whites. White applicants received 2.3 times as many loans as Latinos, even though Latinos make up 54 percent of the local population. Black applicants were more than 1.5 times as likely to be denied in 2016 compared to whites.
In Corpus Christi, Latinos were 1.5 times as likely to be denied in 2016 compared to whites. In Waco, Latinos were nearly 3 times as likely to be denied in 2016 compared to whites.
In the Killeen-Temple area, black applicants were nearly 2.5 times as likely to be denied in 2016 compared to whites.
In Longview, Latinos were nearly 2 times as likely to be denied in 2016 compared to whites. White applicants received 7.5 times as many loans as Latinos, even though there are only 4.2 times as many white people than Latinos among the region's population. Longview's population is 15 percent Latino and 64 percent white.
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The yearlong analysis, based on millions of records, found a pattern of troubling denials for people of color across the country, including in major metropolitan areas such as Atlanta, Detroit and Philadelphia.
Fair housing advocates and researchers in Texas say they're not surprised by the findings, which were independently reviewed and confirmed by The Associated Press.
John Henneberger, co-director of Texas Housers, an Austin-based nonprofit that works on housing issues, said in the 40 years he's worked in this area, he has not seen redlining go away.
"It causes deterioration of neighborhoods," he said. "It has never adequately been addressed."
Several nationwide studies in recent years have found that San Antonio is one of the most economically segregated cities in the country.
San Antonio's history of redlining has contributed to its economic segregation, said Christine Drennon, an associate professor of urban studies at Trinity University in San Antonio. That economic segregation has resulted in little investment in neighborhoods populated mostly by Latinos and blacks, some of which remain entrenched in poverty, she said.
In Corpus Christi, a survey that was part of a report last year assessing fair housing in the city found more than 17 percent of respondents indicated they had been turned down for a mortgage. While a majority believed they were turned down because of their credit scores, some believed they were denied for discriminatory reasons.
Henneberger encouraged community groups concerned about possible redlining in their areas to review the federal data and talk to financial institutions that might have questionable lending practices when it comes to minority applicants.
Government also has "a vital stake in ensuring that there's a healthy availability of mortgage credit in all parts of their jurisdictions," he said.
The Texas Workforce Commission, whose civil rights division conducts investigations of violations of the Texas Fair Housing Act, said that in the last three fiscal years, nearly 80 discriminatory financing complaints were filed in the state. The commission is one of several places in the state where housing complaints can be filed.
"Any form of housing discrimination prohibited under the Fair Housing Act is a concern to (the commission). We conduct statewide training and outreach activities to apartment associations, housing organizations and individuals as a way of educating everyone on their rights and responsibilities under fair housing laws," said agency spokeswoman Lisa Givens.
